Article
Article
Acoustical holography
Article By:
Williams, Earl G. Structural Acoustics Group, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC.
Last reviewed:August 2019
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.006800
- Farfield and nearfield holography
- Data acquisition and reconstruction
- Related Primary Literature
- Additional Reading
The recording of sound waves in a two-dimensional pattern (the hologram) and the use of the hologram to reconstruct the entire sound field throughout a three-dimensional region of space. Acoustical holography, which first appeared in the 1960s in studies in ultrasonics, is an outgrowth of optical holography, invented by Dennis Gabor in 1948. The wave nature of both light and sound make holography possible. The objective of optical holography is to observe (reconstruct) three-dimensional images of the sources of reflected light (visible or nonvisible). Acoustical holography involves reconstruction of the sound field that arises due to radiation of sound at a boundary, such as the vibrating body of a violin, the fuselage of an aircraft, or the surface of a submarine. This reconstruction represents a solution to an inverse wave propagation problem explained heuristically using Huygens' principle. Both acoustical holography and optical holography rely on the acquisition of an interferogram, a two-dimensional recording at a single frequency of the phase and amplitude of an acoustic or electromagnetic field, usually in a plane. Gabor called this interferogram a hologram. See also: Holography; Huygens' principle; Inverse scattering theory
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