Article
Article
- Botany
- Plant pathology
- Grape
Grape
Article By:
Weaver, Robert J. Department of Viticulture and Enology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, California.
Hopkins, Donald L. Agricultural Research Center, Leesburg, Florida.
Last reviewed:May 2021
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.297800
- Cultivation
- Uses
- Harvesting and processing
- Diseases
- Fungi and water molds
- Viruses
- Bacteria
- Related Primary Literature
- Additional Reading
The common name for plants of the genus Vitis characterized by climbing stems and grown for the edible, pulpy berries. Grapes (genus Vitis) comprise one of the world's most significant and economically important crops. The common grapevine is classified as Vitis vinifera (Fig. 1). It has intermittent forked tendrils, a bark that sheds, a diaphragm at the node, and elongated clusters with berries (called grapes) that adhere to the pedicels at maturity. This species also has thin, smooth, shiny leaves with three, five, or seven lobes. The grapes may be round or oval, and they have edible skins that adhere to the flesh. In American species, the skins slip from the pulp. In addition, many American species have a characteristic musky or foxy odor and taste. Muscadine grape plants (subgenera Muscadinia) [Fig. 2] have a bark that does not shed and simple tendrils that do not fork, thus distinguishing them from common grapevines (subgenera Euvitis) [Fig. 1]. See also: Fruit; Horticultural crops
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