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High-energy astrophysical neutrinos at IceCube
Article By:
Whitehorn, Nathan Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California.
Last reviewed:2014
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.YB150529
Since their discovery in 1912 by Viktor Hess, the origin of the highest-energy cosmic rays has remained one of the most enduring mysteries in physics. These subatomic particles, predominantly nuclei, can reach extraordinary energies, with those of observed cosmic rays exceeding 1020 electronvolts (eV), 10 million times the energies achieved at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). These particles must originate in the universe's most energetic objects, such as gamma-ray bursts or the supermassive black holes in the center of active galaxies. However, which of these types of objects are the actual sources, and how these cosmic rays are produced, remains unknown.
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