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Article
Steel
Article By:
Davis, Claire School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom.
Last reviewed:July 2019
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.653700
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A large range of alloys based on iron that contain extra elements either as deliberate additions or carried over from the steel-making process. Most steels contain carbon as a deliberate addition; however, there are some grades of steel that are designed to be carbon-free, such as interstitial-free (IF) steels and maraging steels. The alloying elements that are added to steel have a specific purpose—for example, to provide strengthening (through solid solution or precipitation) or to change the phase balance. See also: Alloy; Iron; Iron alloys
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