Article
Article
Topology
Article By:
Marden, Albert School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Morgan, John W. Simons Center for Geometry and Physics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
Last reviewed:January 2021
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.701100
The branch of mathematics that studies the qualitative properties of spaces, as opposed to the more delicate and refined geometric or analytic properties. While there are earlier results that belong to the field, the beginning of the subject as a separate branch of mathematics dates to the work done 1895–1904 by Henri Poincaré. The ideas and results of topology have a central place in mathematics, with connections to almost all the other areas of the subject.
The content above is only an excerpt.
About AccessScience
AccessScience provides the most accurate and trustworthy scientific information available.
Recognized as an award-winning gateway to scientific knowledge, AccessScience is an amazing online resource that contains high-quality reference material written specifically for students. Contributors include more than 10,000 highly qualified scientists and 46 Nobel Prize winners.
MORE THAN 8700 articles covering all major scientific disciplines and encompassing the McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology and McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science & Technology
115,000-PLUS definitions from the McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms
3000 biographies of notable scientific figures
MORE THAN 19,000 downloadable images and animations illustrating key topics
ENGAGING VIDEOS highlighting the life and work of award-winning scientists
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY and additional readings to guide students to deeper understanding and research
LINKS TO CITABLE LITERATURE help students expand their knowledge using primary sources of information
