Article
Article
Magnetic materials
Article By:
Luborsky, Fred E. Research and Development Center, General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York.
Last reviewed:January 2020
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.397600
Materials exhibiting ferromagnetism. The magnetic properties of all materials make them respond in some way to a magnetic field, but most materials are diamagnetic or paramagnetic and show almost no response. The materials that are most important to magnetic technology are ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials. Their response to a field H is to create an internal contribution to the magnetic induction B proportional to H, expressed as B = μ H, where μ the permeability, varies with H for ferromagnetic materials. Ferromagnetic materials are the elements iron, cobalt, nickel, and their alloys, some manganese compounds, and some rare earths. Ferrimagnetic materials are spinels of the general composition MFe2O4, and garnets, M3Fe5O12, where M represents a metal. See also: Ferrimagnetism; Ferromagnetism; Magnetism; Magnetization
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