Article
Article
Pituitary gland disorders
Article By:
Christy, Nicholas College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York.
Last reviewed:January 2021
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.520410
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Inborn or acquired abnormalities in the structure or function of the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland (also known as the hypophysis) is attached to the base of the brain (Fig. 1) and is the most structurally and functionally complex organ of the endocrine system. Pathologies of the pituitary can seriously affect individuals because normal hormonal function is often disrupted. In general, pituitary disorders can stem from any of five disease processes: tumors and other growths, intrinsic lesions of the anterior lobe, diseases affecting gland function, hypothalamic malfunction, and systemic disease that affects the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary). See also: Brain; Endocrine mechanisms; Endocrine system (vertebrate); Endocrinology; Gland; Hormone; Pituitary gland
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