2021

Awarded with one half to:

     David Card for his empirical contributions to labor economics

and the other half jointly to:

     Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships.

2020

Awarded to: Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats.

2019

Awarded to: Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo, and Michael Kremer for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty.

2018

Awarded to: William D. Nordhaus for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis, and Paul M. Romer for integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis.

2017

Awarded to: Richard H. Thaler for his contributions to behavioral economics.

2016

Awarded jointly to: Oliver Hart and Bengt Holmström for their contributions to contract theory.

2015

Awarded to: Angus Deaton for his analysis of consumption, poverty, and welfare.

2014

Awarded to: Jean Tirole for his analysis of market power and regulation prices.

2013

Awarded jointly to: Eugene F. Fama, Robert J. Shiller and Lars Peter Hansen for their empirical analysis of asset prices.

2012

Awarded jointly to: Alvin E. Roth and Lloyd S. Shapley for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design.

2011

Awarded jointly to: Thomas J. Sargent and Christopher A. Sims for their empirical research on cause and effect in the macroeconomy.

2010

Awarded jointly to: Peter A. Diamond, Dale T. Mortensen and Christopher A. Pissarides for their analysis of markets with search frictions.

2009

Shared between:

     Elinor Ostrom for her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons.

and

     Oliver E. Williamson for his analysis of economic governance, especially the boundaries of the firm.

2008

Awarded to: Paul Krugman for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity.

2007

Awarded jointly to Leonid Hurwicz, Eric S. Maskin, and Roger B. Myerson Leonid Hurwicz, Eric S. Maskin, and Roger B. Myerson for their fundamental work on mechanism design theory.

2006

Awarded to: Edmund S. Phelps for his analysis of intertemporal tradeoffs in macroeconomic policy.

2005

Awarded jointly to: Robert J. Aumann and Thomas C. Schelling for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis.

2004

Awarded jointly to: Finn E. Kydland and Edward C. Prescott for their contributions to dynamic microeconomics: the time consistency of economic policy and the driving forces behind business cycles.

2003

Shared between:

     Robert F. Engle for his work in developing methods for analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH).

and

     Clive W. J. Granger for his work in developing methods for analyzing economic time series with common trends (cointegration).

2002

Shared between:

     Daniel Kahneman for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty.

and

     Vernon L. Smith for having established laboratory experiments as a tool in empirical economic analysis, especially in the study of alternative market mechanisms.

2001

Awarded jointly to: George A. Akerlof, A. Michael Spence and Joseph E. Stiglitz for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information.

2000

Awarded jointly to Daniel L. McFadden and James J. Heckman for their work in the field of microeconometrics in which they developed theory and methods widely used in economics and social sciences concerning the empirical analysis of individual and household behavior.

1999

Awarded to: Robert A. Mundell for his analysis of monetary and fiscal policy under different exchange rate regimes and his analysis of optimum currency areas.

1998

Awarded to: Amartya Sen for his contributions to welfare economics.

1997

Awarded to: Robert C. Merton and Myron S. Scholes for a new method to determine the value of derivatives.

1996

Awarded to: James A. Mirrlees and William Vickrey for their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives under asymmetric information.

1995

Awarded to: Robert Lucas for having developed and applied the hypothesis of rational expectations, and thereby having transformed macroeconomic analysis and deepened our understanding of economic policy.

1994

Awarded jointly to: John C. Harsanyi, John F. Nash and Reinhard Selten for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games.

1993

Awarded jointly to: Robert W. Fogel and Douglass C. North for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change.

1992

Awarded to: Gary S. Becker for having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behavior and interaction, including nonmarket behavior.

1991

Awarded to: Ronald H. Coase for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy.

1990

Awarded with one third each to: Harry M. Markowitz, Merton M. Miller and William F. Sharpe for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics.

1989

Awarded to: Trygve Haavelmo for his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures.

1988

Awarded to: Maurice Allais for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources.

1987

Awarded to: Robert M. Solow for his contributions to the theory of economic growth.

1986

Awarded to: James M. Buchanan, Jr. for his development of the contractual and constitutional bases for the theory of economic and political decision-making.

1985

Awarded to: Franco Modigliani for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets.

1984

Awarded to: Sir Richard Stone for having made fundamental contributions to the development of systems of national accounts and hence greatly improved the basis for empirical economic analysis.

1983

Awarded to: Gerard Debreu for having incorporated new analytical methods into economic theory and for his rigorous reformulation of the theory of general equilibrium.

1982

Awarded to: George J. Stigler for his seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation.

1981

Awarded to: James Tobin for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices.

1980

Awarded to: Lawrence R. Klein for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies.

1979

Divided equally between: Theodore W. Schultz and Sir Arthur Lewis for their pioneering research into economic development research with particular consideration of the problems of developing countries.

1978

Awarded to: Herbert A. Simon for his pioneering research into the decision-making process within economic organizations.

1977

Divided equally between: James E Meade and Bertil Ohlin for their pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements.

1976

Awarded to: Milton Friedman for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy.

1975

Awarded jointly to: Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich and Tjalling C. Koopmans for their contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources.

1974

Divided equally between: Gunnar Myrdal and Friedrich August Von Hayek for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena.

1973

Awarded to: Wassily Leontief for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems.

1972

Awarded jointly to: Sir John R. Hicks and Kenneth J. Arrow for their pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory.

1971

Awarded to: Simon Kuznets for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development.

1970

Awarded to: Paul A Samuelson for the scientific work through which he has developed static and dynamic economic theory and actively contributed to raising the level of analysis in economic science.

1969

Awarded jointly to: Jan Tinbergen and Ragnar Frisch for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes.