Contributors Nobel

46 AccessScience authors have won a Nobel Prize:

Arthur Ashkin (2018 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems

Article(s): Radiation pressure

Image credit: photos.aip.org

Hans Albrecht Bethe (1967 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars

Article(s): Theoretical physics

Image credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory

Bruce A. Beutler (2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)

For discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity

Article(s): Cachexia

Image credit: Brian Coats for UT Southwestern Medical Center

Günter Blobel (1999 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)

For demonstrating that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell

Article(s): Endoplasmic reticulum

Image credit: The Rockefeller University

Percy Williams Bridgman (1946 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made therewith in the field of high pressure physics

Article(s): Empirical method; Hypothesis; Physical theory; Postulate; Science; Theorem

Image credit: Harvard University

Bertram N. Brockhouse (1994 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the development of neutron spectroscopy

Article(s): Slow neutron spectroscopy

Image credit: McMaster University

Herbert C. Brown (1979 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For the development of the use of boron-containing compounds into important reagents in organic synthesis

Article(s): Hydroboration

Image credit: Purdue University

Steven Chu (1997 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light

Article(s): Particle trap

Image credit: United States Department of Energy

Aaron Ciechanover (2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation

Article(s): Protein degradation

Image credit: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch

Hans G. Dehmelt (1989 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the development of the ion trap technique

Article(s): Nuclear quadrupole resonance

Image credit: University of Washington

Leo Esaki (1973 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors

Article(s): Tunneling in solids

Val L. Fitch (1980 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons

Article(s): CPT theorem; Flavor

Image credit: Princeton University

John B. Goodenough (2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For the development of lithium-ion batteries

Article(s): Electric insulator

Image credit: The Franklin Institute

David J. Gross (2004 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction

Article(s): Quantum field theory

Image credit: The Johns Hopkins University

F. Duncan M. Haldane (2016 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter

Article(s): Exchange interaction

Image credit: Princeton University

Theodor W. Hänsch (2005 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique

Article(s): Laser spectroscopy; Rydberg constant

Image credit: Max Planck Society

Robert Hofstadter (1961 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons

Article(s): Scintillation counter

Image credit: The City University of New York

Wolfgang Ketterle (2001 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the achievement of producing Bose-Einstein condensation in low density vapors of alkali atoms, and for studies on the fundamental properties of the condensates

Article(s): Atom laser; Bose-Einstein condensation

Image credit: Ken Zirkel

J. Michael Kosterlitz (2016 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter

Article(s): Crystal defects

Image credit: Brown University

Harold W. Kroto (1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For the discovery of fullerenes

Article(s): Fullerene

Image credit: http://science.in2pic.com

Polykarp Kusch (1955 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron

Article(s): Atomic beams

Image credit: The University of Texas at Dallas

David M. Lee (1996 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the discovery of superfluidity in helium-3

Article(s): Absolute zero

Image credit: Ken Zirkel

Anthony J. Leggett (2003 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For work on the theory of superconductors and superfluids

Article(s): Quantum theory of measurement

Image credit: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Jean-Marie Lehn (1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For the development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity

Article(s): Supramolecular chemistry

Image credit: RSC Chemistry World

Edward B. Lewis (1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)

For discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development

Article(s): Allele

Image credit: courtesy of the Archives, California Institute of Technology

Arthur B. McDonald (2015 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass

Article(s): Solar neutrinos

Image credit: Queen's University

Robert S. Mulliken (1966 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For his fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method

Article(s): Molecular structure and spectra

Image credit: Gerhard Hund

Shuji Nakamura (2014 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources

Article(s): Blue lasers

Image credit: Randall Lamb, University of California, Santa Barbara

George A. Olah (1994 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For his contribution to carbocation chemistry

Article(s): Hypercarbon chemistry

Image credit: Rand Larson, Morningstar Productions

Roger Penrose (2020 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity

Article(s): Polarization of waves

Image credit: Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford

Martin L. Perl (1995 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the discovery of the tau lepton

Article(s): Lepton

Image credit: United States Department of Energy

William D. Phillips (1997 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light

Article(s): Laser cooling

Image credit: National Institute of Standards and Technology

Norman F. Ramsey (1989 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks

Article(s): Negative temperature

Richard J. Roberts (1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)

For the discovery of split genes

Article(s): Restriction enzyme

Image credit: The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Abdus Salam (1979 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles

Article(s): Fundamental interactions

Arthur L. Schawlow (1981 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For his contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy

Article(s): Laser

Image credit: Jose Mercado/Stanford News Service

Glenn Theodore Seaborg (1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements

Article(s): Actinide elements; Berkelium; Californium; Curium; Einsteinium; Seaborgium; Fermium; Mendelevium; Transuranium elements

Image credit: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Dan Shechtman (2011 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For the discovery of quasicrystals

Article(s): Quasicrystal

Image credit: Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy

Kai M. Siegbahn (1981 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For his contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy

Article(s): Electron spectroscopy

Image credit: Teddy Thörnlund/Uppsala University

Henry Taube (1983 Nobel Prize in Chemistry)

For his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes

Article(s): Oxidation-reduction

Image credit: Stanford University Chemistry Department

Howard Martin Temin (1975 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)

For discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell

Article(s): Reverse transcriptase

Image credit: www.idiomamedico.org

Samuel C. C. Ting (1976 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For his pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind

Article(s): J/psi particle

Image credit: MIT Department of Physics

Charles H. Townes (1964 Nobel Prize in Physics)

For fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle

Article(s): Maser

Image credit: Department of Physics, University of California